Matthew 6:5-6 meaning

The parallel Gospel account for this teaching is found in Mark 11:25.

Jesus repeats the same pattern of reward from men vs. reward from God; being seen by men or acting in secrecy. This time, in regard to when you pray.

As was the case with giving to the poor, the issue is not the external act, but the motivation for doing it. It is a matter of which reward we want and who is our rewarder—men or your Father in heaven. Once again Jesus draws a contrast between performing our religious acts in public and in secret. Some people stand and pray on the street corners so that they may be seen by men, rather than praying in secret unto our Father (vv 5-6). Once again, Jesus tells His disciples truth, offers them freedom, and allows them to practice self-governance as they seek reward.

Jesus says you are not to be like the hypocrites (actors and exaggerators) for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and on the street corners (v 5). Their prayer motive was not to speak to God. Their motive was be heard by men so they would be honored as being pious. Jesus personally vouches and teaches (Truly I say to you) that they have their reward in full (v 5). They want to be seen as pious, and they are. By men. And their reward is paid in full when men think them pious. So there is nothing for God to reward when they stand before Him to give an account for their deeds done while on earth (Hebrews 5:12-13; 2 Corinthians 5:10).

Once again, Jesus is not teaching against seeking benefits or rewards any more than He is teaching against praying. What He is teaching is how to pray effectively (to your Father who is in secret) and how to get the better reward (from God instead of men).

Jesus tells His disciples that the way to the better reward when they pray is to go into your inner room (where no one sees you), close your door (where no one hears you or knows that you are there) and then pray to your Father who is in secret (v 6).

When we recall that Jesus is primarily speaking about motivation, the key issue is not the closing of the door or entering the inner room of the house. The key issue is praying to be in the presence of God rather than to be seen by other people. People can pray to God in the secret quiet of their heart anywhere and at any time. Likewise, people can pray publicly in an inner room with a door closed in such a way that people know they are praying. Jesus is not giving another external rule. He is giving an inner law to follow when we pray to our heavenly Father.

When we follow this law and pray to our Father in secret, He sees what is done and said in secret (v 6). He hears our secret prayers, and sees what we do when no humans are watching. Jesus tells us that He will reward what is done in secret (v 6). Jesus does not specify the nature of the reward. It could relate to the prayer being answered, it could be applied in many other ways in this life, and it could relate to the next life. Since God is God, it can be all the above.

Jesus continues using the personal phrase your Father to describe God. We should speak with God the same way we speak with or ask for things from our earthly father. We should discuss matters and ask of our Father who is in heaven. An earthly father is, ideally, an authority who loves his children and seeks their best interest. Our Father in heaven is a perfect Father. He is our ultimate Authority. He loves us and seeks our best interest in a manner that is perfect. Just as an earthly father might dream that his children will some day grow up and become capable, then join the family business and succeed, our heavenly Father wants His children to grow up and learn to serve others in harmony with Him. He desires that they might join His "family business" and reign with Him in His kingdom.

Throughout the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus admonishes His disciples to trust God rather than self, or other men. He admonishes His disciples to choose a true perspective about life, based on faith in God's revealed word, including His teaching. He also admonishes them to take actions based on faith in God, and their perspective about what is good, what is true, and what is actually in their best interest. The rest we should not worry about. For the most part, it either isn't that important, or we can't control it. But our Father in heaven can, and does care for all things. We should focus on the things God has given us to control, and strive to be faithful in those things.