Egypt

This map of ancient Egypt centers on the life-giving ribbon of the Nile, tracing its fan-shaped Delta-called the “Goshen” where Joseph settled his family during famine (Genesis 47:6)-and then following the river’s emerald path past Memphis and the pyramids of Giza through Middle Egypt’s limestone cliffs to Thebes, the seat of Amun’s temples. Shading contrasts the fertile Kemet (“Black Land”) with the flanking Deshret (“Red Land”) deserts, helping readers grasp why Pharaoh conscripted Hebrews to build the store-cities “Pithom and Rameses” (Exodus 1:11). Caravan routes are drawn in ochre: the “Way of Horus” hugging the Mediterranean coast toward Canaan, and the Wilderness Road that Moses later chose, skirting the Red Sea’s Gulf of Suez toward Mount Sinai-visualizing how the Lord “brought Israel out with a mighty hand” (Exodus 13:17-18). Fortresses such as Sile, mines in the Eastern Desert, and trade ports on the Red Sea highlight Egypt’s reach toward Punt and beyond, while inset contours show the first cataract at Elephantine, marking Nubia’s border and reminding readers of prophetic oracles against Egypt’s pride (Isaiah 19). By plotting flood basins, canal networks, and the Faiyum depression, the map reveals how geography shaped both Pharaoh’s power and Israel’s bondage-and why the prophet could later proclaim, “Out of Egypt I called My son” (Hosea 11:1), turning a land of bricks and bondage into a backdrop for redemption.